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Record Information
Version1.0
Created at2020-04-17 18:37:09 UTC
Updated at2020-12-07 19:10:56 UTC
CannabisDB IDCDB004791
Secondary Accession NumbersNot Available
Cannabis Compound Identification
Common NameAdenosine
DescriptionAdenosine, also known as adenocard or ade-rib, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine nucleosides. Purine nucleosides are compounds comprising a purine base attached to a ribosyl or deoxyribosyl moiety. A ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. Adenosine is a drug which is used as an initial treatment for the termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (pvst), including that associated with accessory bypass tracts, and is a drug of choice for terminating stable, narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardias (svt). also used as an adjunct to thallous chloride ti 201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (thallium stress test) in patients who are unable to exercise adequately, as well as an adjunct to vagal maneuvers and clinical assessment to establish a specific diagnosis of undefined, stable, narrow-complex svt. Adenosine is a strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Adenosine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, adenosine participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, adenosine can be converted into inosine; which is mediated by the enzyme adenosine deaminase. In addition, adenosine can be converted into adenine and ribose 1-phosphate; which is mediated by the enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase. In humans, adenosine is involved in thioguanine action pathway. Outside of the human body, Adenosine is found, on average, in the highest concentration within beers and milk (cow). Adenosine has also been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as capers, new zealand spinachs, welsh onions, hickory nuts, and pepper (spice). This could make adenosine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Adenosine is a potentially toxic compound. Adenosine is expected to be in Cannabis as all living plants are known to produce and metabolize it.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC10H13N5O4
Average Molecular Weight267.24
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight267.0968
IUPAC Name(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol
Traditional Nameadenosine
CAS Registry Number58-61-7
SMILES
NC1=C2N=CN([C@@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)C2=NC=N1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C10H13N5O4/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(18)6(17)4(1-16)19-10/h2-4,6-7,10,16-18H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1
InChI KeyOIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine nucleosides. Purine nucleosides are compounds comprising a purine base attached to a ribosyl or deoxyribosyl moiety.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassNucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues
ClassPurine nucleosides
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentPurine nucleosides
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Purine nucleoside
  • Glycosyl compound
  • N-glycosyl compound
  • 6-aminopurine
  • Pentose monosaccharide
  • Imidazopyrimidine
  • Purine
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Monosaccharide
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Pyrimidine
  • Imidolactam
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • Azole
  • Imidazole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Azacycle
  • Oxacycle
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Amine
  • Primary alcohol
  • Primary amine
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect

Health effect:

Disposition

Route of exposure:

Source:

Biological location:

Role

Indirect biological role:

Biological role:

Industrial application:

Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point235.5 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility37 mg/mLHuman Metabolome Project
logP-1.05HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-1.2ALOGPS
logP-2.1ChemAxon
logS-1.3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)12.45ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)3.92ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count8ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count4ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area139.54 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity63.2 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability25.28 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings3ChemAxon
BioavailabilityYesChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
EI-MS/GC-MS
MS/MS
NMR
Pathways
Pathways
Protein Targets
Enzymes
Transporters
Protein NameGene NameLocusUniprot IDDetails
Putative adenosylhomocysteinase 2AHCYL11p13.2O43865 details
Metal Bindings
Protein NameGene NameLocusUniprot IDDetails
5'-nucleotidaseNT5E6q14-q21P21589 details
Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1BNT5C1B2p24.2Q96P26 details
Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1ANT5C1A1p34.3-p33Q9BXI3 details
5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, cytosolic typeNT5CQ8TCD5 details
5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase, mitochondrialNT5MQ9NPB1 details
Adenosine kinaseADK10q11-q24P55263 details
Adenosine deaminaseADA20q13.12P00813 details
Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 3NT5C37p14.3Q9H0P0 details
Cytosolic purine 5'-nucleotidaseNT5C210q24.32P49902 details
Adenosine deaminase CECR1CECR122q11.2Q9NZK5 details
Receptors
Protein NameGene NameLocusUniprot IDDetails
Adenosine deaminaseADA20q13.12P00813 details
Adenosine receptor A1ADORA11q32.1P30542 details
Adenosine receptor A2aADORA2A22q11.23P29274 details
Adenosine receptor A3ADORA31p13.2P33765 details
Adenosine receptor A2bADORA2B17p12P29275 details
Adenosine deaminase CECR1CECR122q11.2Q9NZK5 details
Transcriptional FactorsNot Available
Concentrations Data
Not Available
HMDB IDHMDB0000050
DrugBank IDDB00640
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB003554
KNApSAcK IDC00007444
Chemspider ID54923
KEGG Compound IDC00212
BioCyc IDADENOSINE
BiGG ID34273
Wikipedia LinkAdenosine
METLIN ID86
PubChem Compound60961
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16335
References
General ReferencesNot Available

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 37 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity
Specific function:
Hydrolyzes extracellular nucleotides into membrane permeable nucleosides.
Gene Name:
NT5E
Uniprot ID:
P21589
Molecular weight:
57948.125
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides. Helps to regulate adenosine levels (By similarity).
Gene Name:
NT5C1B
Uniprot ID:
Q96P26
Molecular weight:
68803.055
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides and has a broad substrate specificity. Helps to regulate adenosine levels in heart during ischemia and hypoxia.
Gene Name:
NT5C1A
Uniprot ID:
Q9BXI3
Molecular weight:
41020.145
General function:
Involved in metal ion binding
Specific function:
Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides, with a preference for dUMP and dTMP, intermediate activity towards dGMP, and low activity towards dCMP and dAMP.
Gene Name:
NT5C
Uniprot ID:
Q8TCD5
Molecular weight:
Not Available
General function:
Involved in ATP binding
Specific function:
Required for the phosphorylation of the deoxyribonucleosides deoxycytidine (dC), deoxyguanosine (dG) and deoxyadenosine (dA). Has broad substrate specificity, and does not display selectivity based on the chirality of the substrate. It is also an essential enzyme for the phosphorylation of numerous nucleoside analogs widely employed as antiviral and chemotherapeutic agents.
Gene Name:
DCK
Uniprot ID:
P27707
Molecular weight:
30518.315
General function:
Involved in phosphatase activity
Specific function:
Dephosphorylates specifically the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of uracil and thymine deoxyribonucleotides, and so protects mitochondrial DNA replication from excess dTTP. Has only marginal activity towards dIMP and dGMP.
Gene Name:
NT5M
Uniprot ID:
Q9NPB1
Molecular weight:
Not Available
General function:
Involved in adenosine kinase activity
Specific function:
ATP dependent phosphorylation of adenosine and other related nucleoside analogs to monophosphate derivatives. Serves as a potential regulator of concentrations of extracellular adenosine and intracellular adenine nucleotides.
Gene Name:
ADK
Uniprot ID:
P55263
Molecular weight:
38702.93
General function:
Involved in adenosylhomocysteinase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
AHCYL2
Uniprot ID:
Q96HN2
Molecular weight:
66592.445
General function:
Involved in adenosylhomocysteinase activity
Specific function:
Adenosylhomocysteine is a competitive inhibitor of S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyl transferase reactions; therefore adenosylhomocysteinase may play a key role in the control of methylations via regulation of the intracellular concentration of adenosylhomocysteine.
Gene Name:
AHCY
Uniprot ID:
P23526
Molecular weight:
47715.715
General function:
Involved in adenosylhomocysteinase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
AHCYL1
Uniprot ID:
O43865
Molecular weight:
53753.0

Transporters

General function:
Involved in adenosylhomocysteinase activity
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
AHCYL1
Uniprot ID:
O43865
Molecular weight:
53753.0

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 37 proteins in total.