Cannabis Compound Database: Showing Compound Card for Putrescine (CDB004914)

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Identification Taxonomy Ontology Physical properties Spectra Protein target Pathways Concentrations Links References enzymes (23)transporters (1) Show 31 proteins XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Created at

2020-04-17 18:49:58 UTC

Updated at

2022-12-13 23:36:23 UTC

CannabisDB ID

CDB004914

Secondary Accession Numbers

Not Available

Cannabis Compound Identification

Common Name

Putrescine

Description

Putrescine, also known as 1,4-butanediamine or 1,4-diaminobutane, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monoalkylamines. These are organic compounds containing an primary aliphatic amine group. Putrescine is a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa). Putrescine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. S-adenosylmethioninamine and putrescine can be converted into 5'-methylthioadenosine and spermidine through the action of the enzyme spermidine synthase. In humans, putrescine is involved in the metabolic disorder called hypermethioninemia. Outside of the human body, Putrescine is found, on average, in the highest concentration within a few different foods, such as grape wines, wheats, and barley and in a lower concentration in dills, turnips, and carrots. Putrescine has also been detected, but not quantified in, several different foods, such as chestnuts, cardamoms, tinda, apples, and asian pears. This could make putrescine a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods. Putrescine is a potentially toxic compound. Putrescine is expected to be in Cannabis as all living plants are known to produce and metabolize it.

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
1,4-Butanediamine	ChEBI
1,4-Butylenediamine	ChEBI
1,4-DIAMINOBUTANE	ChEBI
1,4-Tetramethylenediamine	ChEBI
Butane-1,4-diamine	ChEBI
Butylenediamine	ChEBI
H2N(CH2)4nh2	ChEBI
Putrescin	ChEBI
Putrescina	ChEBI
Putreszin	ChEBI
Tetramethylendiamin	ChEBI
Tetramethylenediamine	ChEBI
1,4-Butanediammonium	HMDB
Tetramethyldiamine	HMDB
1,4 Diaminobutane	HMDB
1,4 Butanediamine	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₄H₁₂N₂

Average Molecular Weight

88.15

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

88.1

IUPAC Name

butane-1,4-diamine

Traditional Name

putrescine

CAS Registry Number

1071-98-3

SMILES

NCCCCN

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C4H12N2/c5-3-1-2-4-6/h1-6H2

InChI Key

KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monoalkylamines. These are organic compounds containing an primary aliphatic amine group.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic nitrogen compounds

Class

Organonitrogen compounds

Sub Class

Amines

Direct Parent

Monoalkylamines

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Organopnictogen compound
Hydrocarbon derivative
Primary aliphatic amine
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

alkane-alpha,omega-diamine (CHEBI:17148 )
Biogenic amines (C00134 )
an aliphatic α,ω-diamine (PUTRESCINE )

Ontology

Physiological effect

Health effect:

Health condition:

Uremia

Disposition

Route of exposure:

Enteral:

Ingestion

Rna component

Physical Properties

State

Not Available

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Melting Point	27.5 °C	Not Available
Boiling Point	158.6 °C	Wikipedia
Water Solubility	Not Available	Not Available
logP	-0.70	SANGSTER (1994)

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-0.98	ALOGPS
logP	-0.85	ChemAxon
logS	0.43	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Basic)	10.51	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	2	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	2	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	52.04 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	3	ChemAxon
Refractivity	27.38 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	11.07 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

EI-MS/GC-MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
EI-MS	Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	splash10-001i-9000000000-2b410aa72c9bb951a79d	2014-09-20	View Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, 4 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1910000000-5694141cafbe39951441	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1900000000-eeb4354250406805ebe6	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, 4 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-8910000000-af71049ab8358b0042ff	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, 2 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-8900000000-0ba23327cabd9b2815f5	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, 3 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-2900000000-234e1b62f4e830226779	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, 4 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1900000000-e29f1004e27fcb9cfe7b	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-9000000000-224d3a5d3fbe7e1c6bd4	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-001i-9000000000-5759f91b24f2e27cc466	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-9000000000-226a78b715ff64ec7067	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1910000000-5694141cafbe39951441	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1900000000-eeb4354250406805ebe6	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-8910000000-af71049ab8358b0042ff	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-8900000000-0ba23327cabd9b2815f5	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-2900000000-234e1b62f4e830226779	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1900000000-e29f1004e27fcb9cfe7b	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-8900000000-0ba23327cabd9b2815f5	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-2900000000-234e1b62f4e830226779	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1900000000-e29f1004e27fcb9cfe7b	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-1900000000-6861f65288867dab7690	Spectrum
GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-2900000000-7923303f8f970b8d2dd6	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-001i-9000000000-4d1729dd236ab6f44cd9	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Putrescine, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum

MS/MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-00di-9000000000-f718a117761c1c7ea80d	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-00di-9000000000-47752c8c65e2d83e78fb	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-00du-9000000000-3603b20551e892ad6c5e	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-6L) , Positive	splash10-001i-9000000000-224d3a5d3fbe7e1c6bd4	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-6M) , Positive	splash10-001i-9000000000-5759f91b24f2e27cc466	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - CI-B (HITACHI M-80) , Positive	splash10-00di-9000000000-226a78b715ff64ec7067	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive	splash10-00dr-9000000000-0b342438cba3ac71bccb	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive	splash10-00di-9000000000-8add450cd915232f7353	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive	splash10-00di-9000000000-7a496471bdf7e391fdc8	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive	splash10-00di-9000000000-84da87b521647b4f42ab	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive	splash10-001l-9000000000-3ca1e2cd5a7e125ac52e	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Positive	splash10-000i-9000000000-830221d5ea74a91c32e1	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-00dr-9000000000-0b342438cba3ac71bccb	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-00di-9000000000-8add450cd915232f7353	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-00di-9000000000-7a496471bdf7e391fdc8	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-00di-9000000000-84da87b521647b4f42ab	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-001l-9000000000-3ca1e2cd5a7e125ac52e	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive	splash10-000i-9000000000-830221d5ea74a91c32e1	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-00dl-9000000000-81dccfb50af8f3631f9b	2021-09-20	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0079-9000000000-896934367d7bc245c8b3	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-05g0-9000000000-96d51f0aa46b0ab332d0	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0a4l-9000000000-de02b50a4b8a279875e4	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-73c448854a91ad5a9644	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-c600a93b8d737a254884	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-059f-9000000000-ce7ae61a17ef7cb9b2c2	2015-05-27	View Spectrum

NMR

Type	Description	View
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 125 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, D₂O, experimental)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹H]-TOCSY. Unexported temporarily by An Chi on Oct 15, 2021 until json or nmrML file is generated. 2D NMR Spectrum (experimental)	Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹³C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum

Pathways

Name	SMPDB/Pathwhiz	KEGG
Methionine Metabolism
Spermidine and Spermine Biosynthesis		Not Available
Cystathionine Beta-Synthase Deficiency		Not Available
Hypermethioninemia		Not Available
S-Adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) Hydrolase Deficiency		Not Available

Protein Targets

Enzymes

Protein Name	Gene Name	Locus	Uniprot ID	Details
Diamine acetyltransferase 2	SAT2	17p13.1	Q96F10	details
Diamine acetyltransferase 1	SAT1	Xp22.1	P21673	details
Peroxisomal N(1)-acetyl-spermine/spermidine oxidase	PAOX	10q26.3	Q6QHF9	details
Choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	CHDH	3p21.1	Q8NE62	details
Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	DMGDH	5q14.1	Q9UI17	details
Spermine synthase	SMS	Xp22.1	P52788	details
Spermidine synthase	SRM	1p36-p22	P19623	details
4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase	ALDH9A1	1q23.1	P49189	details
Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase	BBOX1	11p14.2	O75936	details
Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]	ABP1	7q36.1	P19801	details
S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine phosphorylase	MTAP	9p21	Q13126	details
S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme	AMD1	6q21	P17707	details
Glycine amidinotransferase, mitochondrial	GATM	15q21.1	P50440	details
Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1	BHMT	5q14.1	Q93088	details
Sarcosine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	SARDH	9q33-q34	Q9UL12	details
Histidine decarboxylase	HDC	15q21-q22	P19113	details
Ornithine decarboxylase	ODC1	2p25	P11926	details
Spermine oxidase	SMOX	20p13	Q9NWM0	details
Agmatinase, mitochondrial	AGMAT	1p36.21	Q9BSE5	details
Trimethyllysine dioxygenase, mitochondrial	TMLHE	Xq28	Q9NVH6	details
S-methylmethionine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase BHMT2	BHMT2	5q13	Q9H2M3	details
Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase regulatory subunit, mitochondrial	PDPR	16q22.1	Q8NCN5	details
Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1	OAZ1	19p13.3	P54368	details

Transporters

Protein Name	Gene Name	Locus	Uniprot ID	Details
Solute carrier family 22 member 4	SLC22A4	5q31.1	Q9H015	details

Metal Bindings

Protein Name	Gene Name	Locus	Uniprot ID	Details
Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase	BBOX1	11p14.2	O75936	details
Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]	ABP1	7q36.1	P19801	details
Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1	BHMT	5q14.1	Q93088	details
Agmatinase, mitochondrial	AGMAT	1p36.21	Q9BSE5	details
Trimethyllysine dioxygenase, mitochondrial	TMLHE	Xq28	Q9NVH6	details
S-methylmethionine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase BHMT2	BHMT2	5q13	Q9H2M3	details

Receptors

Protein Name	Gene Name	Locus	Uniprot ID	Details
Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]	ABP1	7q36.1	P19801	details

Transcriptional Factors

Not Available

Concentrations Data

Cannabis Cultivar	Status	Value	Reference	Details
Alien Dawg	Detected and Quantified	0.00173 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details
Gabriola	Detected and Quantified	0.000925 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details
Island Honey	Detected and Quantified	0.000915 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details
Quadra	Detected and Quantified	0.000928 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details
Sensi Star	Detected and Quantified	0.000957 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details
Tangerine Dream	Detected and Quantified	0.00121 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details

External Links

HMDB ID

HMDB0001414

DrugBank ID

DB01917

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FoodDB ID

KNApSAcK ID

Chemspider ID

KEGG Compound ID

BioCyc ID

BiGG ID

Wikipedia Link

METLIN ID

PubChem Compound

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

17148

References

General References

Not Available

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 31 proteins in total.

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Enzymes

Enzyme Details

1. Diamine acetyltransferase 2

General function:: Involved in N-acetyltransferase activity
Specific function:: Enzyme which catalyzes the acetylation of polyamines. Substrate specificity: norspermidine > spermidine = spermine >> N(1)acetylspermine = putrescine.
Gene Name:: SAT2
Uniprot ID:: Q96F10
Molecular weight:: 19154.905

Enzyme Details

2. Diamine acetyltransferase 1

General function:: Involved in N-acetyltransferase activity
Specific function:: Enzyme which catalyzes the acetylation of polyamines. Substrate specificity: norspermidine = spermidine >> spermine > N(1)-acetylspermine > putrescine. This highly regulated enzyme allows a fine attenuation of the intracellular concentration of polyamines. Also involved in the regulation of polyamine transport out of cells. Acts on 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,5-diaminopentane, putrescine, spermidine (forming N(1)- and N(8)-acetylspermidine), spermine, N(1)-acetylspermidine and N(8)-acetylspermidine.
Gene Name:: SAT1
Uniprot ID:: P21673
Molecular weight:: 20023.8

Enzyme Details

3. Peroxisomal N(1)-acetyl-spermine/spermidine oxidase

General function:: Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:: Flavoenzyme which catalyzes the oxidation of N(1)-acetylspermine to spermidine and is thus involved in the polyamine back-conversion. Can also oxidize N(1)-acetylspermidine to putrescine. Substrate specificity: N(1)-acetylspermine = N(1)-acetylspermidine > N(1),N(12)-diacylspermine >> spermine. Does not oxidize spermidine. Plays an important role in the regulation of polyamine intracellular concentration and has the potential to act as a determinant of cellular sensitivity to the antitumor polyamine analogs.
Gene Name:: PAOX
Uniprot ID:: Q6QHF9
Molecular weight:: 55512.64

Enzyme Details

4. Choline dehydrogenase, mitochondrial

General function:: Involved in oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors
Specific function:: Not Available
Gene Name:: CHDH
Uniprot ID:: Q8NE62
Molecular weight:: 65358.005

Enzyme Details

5. Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial

General function:: Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:: Not Available
Gene Name:: DMGDH
Uniprot ID:: Q9UI17
Molecular weight:: 96810.135

Enzyme Details

6. Spermine synthase

General function:: Involved in spermine synthase activity
Specific function:: Catalyzes the production of spermine from spermidine and decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine (dcSAM).
Gene Name:: SMS
Uniprot ID:: P52788
Molecular weight:: 35278.2

Enzyme Details

7. Spermidine synthase

General function:: Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:: Catalyzes the production of spermidine from putrescine and decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine (dcSAM). Has a strong preference for putrescine as substrate, and has very low activity towards 1,3-diaminopropane. Has extremely low activity towards spermidine.
Gene Name:: SRM
Uniprot ID:: P19623
Molecular weight:: 33824.455

Enzyme Details

8. 4-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase

General function:: Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:: Converts gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde into gamma-butyrobetaine. Catalyzes the irreversible oxidation of a broad range of aldehydes to the corresponding acids in an NAD-dependent reaction.
Gene Name:: ALDH9A1
Uniprot ID:: P49189
Molecular weight:: 56291.485

Enzyme Details

9. Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase

General function:: Involved in iron ion binding
Specific function:: Catalyzes the formation of L-carnitine from gamma-butyrobetaine.
Gene Name:: BBOX1
Uniprot ID:: O75936
Molecular weight:: 44714.6

Enzyme Details

10. Amiloride-sensitive amine oxidase [copper-containing]

General function:: Involved in copper ion binding
Specific function:: Catalyzes the degradation of compounds such as putrescine, histamine, spermine, and spermidine, substances involved in allergic and immune responses, cell proliferation, tissue differentiation, tumor formation, and possibly apoptosis. Placental DAO is thought to play a role in the regulation of the female reproductive function.
Gene Name:: ABP1
Uniprot ID:: P19801
Molecular weight:: 85377.1

Transporters

Enzyme Details

1. Solute carrier family 22 member 4

General function:: Involved in ion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:: Sodium-ion dependent, low affinity carnitine transporter. Probably transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) without the involvement of sodium. Relative uptake activity ratio of carnitine to TEA is 1.78. A key substrate of this transporter seems to be ergothioneine (ET)
Gene Name:: SLC22A4
Uniprot ID:: Q9H015
Molecular weight:: 62154.5

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 31 proteins in total.

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Showing Compound Card for Putrescine (CDB004914)

Structure for CDB004914 (Putrescine)

Enzymes

Transporters