Cannabis Compound Database: Showing Compound Card for Maltose (CDB006165)

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Identification Taxonomy Ontology Physical properties Spectra Protein target Pathways Concentrations Links References enzymes (7) Show 11 proteins XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Created at

2020-03-18 23:22:15 UTC

Updated at

2020-12-07 19:06:57 UTC

CannabisDB ID

CDB006165

Secondary Accession Numbers

Not Available

Cannabis Compound Identification

Common Name

Maltose

Description

D-Maltose, also known as malt sugar, maltobiose or alpha-malt sugar, is a disaccharide consisting of two glucose subunits joined via an alpha-1-4 bond. Carbohydrates are generally divided into different categories based on the number of sugar subunits; monosaccharides (1 sugar subunit), disaccharides (2 sugar subunits), oligosaccharides (3 or more sugar subunits) and polysaccharides (hundreds to thousands of subunits, including starch). Maltose is a common byproduct of starch. When beta-amylase breaks down starch, it removes two glucose units at a time, thereby producing maltose. Maltose can be broken down to glucose by the maltase enzyme, which catalyses the hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond. D-Maltose exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Maltose was 'discovered' by Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut, although this discovery was not widely accepted until it was confirmed in 1872 by Irish chemist and brewer Cornelius O'Sullivan. Its name comes from malt, combined with the suffix '-ose' which is used in naming all sugars. Like glucose, maltose is a reducing sugar, because the ring of one of the two glucose units can open to present a free aldehyde group. Maltose, when placed in aqueous solution, exhibits mutarotation. This is because the α and β isomers that are formed by the different conformations of the anomeric carbon have different specific rotations. In aqueous solutions, these two forms are in equilibrium. Maltose has a sweet taste, but is only about 30-60% as sweet as sucrose. Within humans, D-maltose participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, D-maltose can be converted into Alpha-D-glucose; which is mediated by intestinal maltase-glucoamylase. In addition, D-maltose can be converted into Alpha-D-glucose through its interaction with the enzyme glycogen debranching enzyme. In humans, D-maltose is involved in the metabolic disorder called the sucrase-isomaltase deficiency. Outside of the human body, D-maltose is found in high concentrations a variety of foods such as fruit gums, marshmallows, and oriental wheats. It is found in lower concentrations in bread, bagels, breakfast cereals, crackers, cornmeal, wheat, barley, candies, honey, molasses, beer and wines. Maltose is found mainly in grains and cereals. Wheat, corn, barley and rye all contain varying amounts of maltose. For some foods, cooking can increase the maltose content. For example, raw sweet potatoes don't have any maltose, but cooked sweet potatoes contain maltose at varying amounts depending on the type of sweet potato. Maltose is a component of malt, a substance which is obtained in the process of allowing grain to soften in water and germinate. Maltose is also found in partially hydrolysed starch products like maltodextrin, corn syrup and acid-thinned starch.

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
4-O-alpha-D-Glucopyranosyl-alpha-D-mannopyranose	ChEBI
4-O-a-D-Glucopyranosyl-a-D-mannopyranose	Generator
4-O-Α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-mannopyranose	Generator
1-alpha-D-Glucopyranosyl-4-alpha-D-glucopyranose	HMDB
1-alpha-delta-Glucopyranosyl-4-alpha-delta-glucopyranose	HMDB
4-(alpha-D-Glucopyranosido)-alpha-glucopyranose	HMDB
4-(alpha-D-Glucosido)-D-glucose	HMDB
4-(alpha-delta-Glucopyranosido)-alpha-glucopyranose	HMDB
4-(alpha-delta-Glucosido)-delta-glucose	HMDB
4-O-a-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucose	HMDB
4-O-alpha-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose	HMDB
4-O-alpha-D-Glucopyranosyl-D-glucose	HMDB
4-O-alpha-delta-Glucopyranosyl-delta-glucopyranose	HMDB
4-O-alpha-delta-Glucopyranosyl-delta-glucose	HMDB
Advantose 100	HMDB
alpha-D-GLCP-(1->4)-D-GLCP	HMDB
alpha-D-Glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucopyranose	HMDB
alpha-D-Glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucose	HMDB
alpha-delta-GLCP-(1->4)-delta-GLCP	HMDB
alpha-delta-Glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-delta-glucopyranose	HMDB
alpha-delta-Glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-delta-glucose	HMDB
alpha-Malt sugar	HMDB
Cextromaltose	HMDB
D-(+)-Maltose	HMDB
delta-(+)-Maltose	HMDB
delta-Maltose	HMDB
Finetose	HMDB
Finetose F	HMDB
Madoros	HMDB
Malt sugar	HMDB
Maltobiose	HMDB
Maltodiose	HMDB
Maltos	HMDB
Maltose	HMDB
Maltose HH	HMDB
Maltose HHH	HMDB
Maltose solution	HMDB
Malzzucker	HMDB
Martos-10	HMDB
Sunmalt	HMDB
Sunmalt S	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

Average Molecular Weight

342.3

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

342.1162

IUPAC Name

(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}oxane-3,4,5-triol

Traditional Name

(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}oxane-3,4,5-triol

CAS Registry Number

69-79-4

SMILES

OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5-,6+,7-,8+,9-,10-,11+,12-/m1/s1

InChI Key

GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-DKBJLJRDSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as o-glycosyl compounds. These are glycoside in which a sugar group is bonded through one carbon to another group via a O-glycosidic bond.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic oxygen compounds

Class

Organooxygen compounds

Sub Class

Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates

Direct Parent

O-glycosyl compounds

Alternative Parents

Substituents

O-glycosyl compound
Disaccharide
Oxane
Secondary alcohol
Hemiacetal
Oxacycle
Organoheterocyclic compound
Polyol
Acetal
Hydrocarbon derivative
Primary alcohol
Alcohol
Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose (CHEBI:47937 )

Ontology

Physiological effect

Health effect:

Health condition:

Peritoneal dialysis

Disposition

Route of exposure:

Enteral:

Ingestion

Source:

Biological:

Animal

Plant:

Biological location:

Tissue and substructures:

Placenta

Organ and components:

Biofluid and excreta:

Subcellular:

Cell and elements:

Extracellular

Element:

Platelet

Role

Biological role:

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Melting Point	102 - 103 °C	Not Available
Boiling Point	667.9 °C	Wikipedia
Water Solubility	780 mg/mL	Not Available
logP	Not Available	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-3	ALOGPS
logP	-4.7	ChemAxon
logS	0.23	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	11.25	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	11	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	8	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	189.53 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	4	ChemAxon
Refractivity	68.34 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	31.43 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	2	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	No	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	No	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

EI-MS/GC-MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-03e9-4897000000-332d470623cd7f1e1ced	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, 4 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-014i-3421129000-03a98898fd3278f95502	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TBDMS_3_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TBDMS_3_16, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TBDMS_4_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TBDMS_4_10, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TBDMS_4_11, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TBDMS_4_12, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TBDMS_4_20, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TBDMS_4_32, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TBDMS_4_33, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, "D-Maltose,3TBDMS,#3" TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_1_1, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_1_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_1_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_1_4, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_1_5, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_1_6, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_1_7, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_1_8, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_2_1, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_2_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_2_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Maltose, TMS_2_4, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum

MS/MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-01ox-0149000000-74748828832d87932342	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-008c-2950000000-4ebee22b86c2cc9ee3ab	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-00kg-9710000000-041dbc580f99b8881518	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-03gl-0907000000-a1de7813fbe8b5258c10	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-03e9-0900000000-79cc5059a3f338e8c1dd	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-03di-3900000000-851d0bc84d91b6e09579	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-002f-0749000000-af1d18f2bc3ab8e02883	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0200-2902000000-67218697344afb9e70fa	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-01td-4900000000-40aa2d8125769803cfbb	2017-09-01	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-0006-0109000000-9d0f9a68a67bafd734ab	2021-09-22	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-01rw-3898000000-7f495a1bcfdbed6466c4	2021-09-22	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-01ti-9210000000-b8a83657f0266d372bee	2021-09-22	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-000x-1069000000-9cd867711bca0eecf935	2021-09-22	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0006-9365000000-65403961bfb5e35eaa0d	2021-09-22	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-000l-9200000000-0de9785c1c5df1430dd2	2021-09-22	View Spectrum

NMR

Type	Description	View
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 125 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹H]-TOCSY. Unexported temporarily by An Chi on Oct 15, 2021 until json or nmrML file is generated. 2D NMR Spectrum (experimental)	Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹³C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum

Pathways

Name	SMPDB/Pathwhiz	KEGG
Starch and Sucrose Metabolism
Glycogen synthetase deficiency		Not Available
Glycogenosis, Type III. Cori disease, Debrancher glycogenosis		Not Available
Glycogenosis, Type IV. Amylopectinosis, Anderson disease		Not Available
Glycogenosis, Type VI. Hers disease		Not Available

Protein Targets

Enzymes

Protein Name	Gene Name	Uniprot ID	Details
Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal	SI	P14410	details
Glycogen debranching enzyme	AGL	P35573	details
Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase	GAA	P10253	details
Alpha-amylase 1	AMY1A	P04745	details
Alpha-amylase 2B	AMY2B	P19961	details
Maltase-glucoamylase, intestinal	MGAM	O43451	details
Neutral alpha-glucosidase C	GANC	Q8TET4	details

Transporters

Not Available

Metal Bindings

Protein Name	Gene Name	Locus	Uniprot ID	Details
Alpha-amylase 1	AMY1A		P04745	details
Alpha-amylase 2B	AMY2B		P19961	details

Receptors

Protein Name	Gene Name	Locus	Uniprot ID	Details
Taste receptor type 1 member 3	TAS1R3	1p36.33	Q7RTX0	details
Taste receptor type 1 member 2	TAS1R2	1p36.13	Q8TE23	details

Transcriptional Factors

Not Available

Concentrations Data

Not Available

External Links

HMDB ID

HMDB0000163

DrugBank ID

Not Available

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FoodDB ID

KNApSAcK ID

Chemspider ID

KEGG Compound ID

BioCyc ID

Not Available

BiGG ID

Wikipedia Link

METLIN ID

PubChem Compound

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

47937

References

General References

Not Available

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 11 proteins in total.

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Enzymes

Enzyme Details

1. Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal

General function:: Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:: Plays an important role in the final stage of carbohydrate digestion. Isomaltase activity is specific for both alpha-1,4- and alpha-1,6-oligosaccharides.
Gene Name:: SI
Uniprot ID:: P14410
Molecular weight:: Not Available

Enzyme Details

2. Glycogen debranching enzyme

General function:: Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:: Multifunctional enzyme acting as 1,4-alpha-D-glucan:1,4-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-glycosyltransferase and amylo-1,6-glucosidase in glycogen degradation.
Gene Name:: AGL
Uniprot ID:: P35573
Molecular weight:: Not Available

Enzyme Details

3. Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase

General function:: Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:: Essential for the degradation of glygogen to glucose in lysosomes.
Gene Name:: GAA
Uniprot ID:: P10253
Molecular weight:: Not Available

Enzyme Details

4. Alpha-amylase 1

General function:: Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:: Not Available
Gene Name:: AMY1A
Uniprot ID:: P04745
Molecular weight:: Not Available

Enzyme Details

5. Alpha-amylase 2B

General function:: Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:: Not Available
Gene Name:: AMY2B
Uniprot ID:: P19961
Molecular weight:: Not Available

Enzyme Details

6. Maltase-glucoamylase, intestinal

General function:: Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:: May serve as an alternate pathway for starch digestion when luminal alpha-amylase activity is reduced because of immaturity or malnutrition. May play a unique role in the digestion of malted dietary oligosaccharides used in food manufacturing.
Gene Name:: MGAM
Uniprot ID:: O43451
Molecular weight:: Not Available

Enzyme Details

7. Neutral alpha-glucosidase C

General function:: Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:: Has alpha-glucosidase activity.
Gene Name:: GANC
Uniprot ID:: Q8TET4
Molecular weight:: Not Available

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 11 proteins in total.

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Showing Compound Card for Maltose (CDB006165)

Structure for CDB006165 (Maltose)

Enzymes