Cannabis Compound Database: Showing Compound Card for D-Glucose (CDB005078)

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Identification Taxonomy Ontology Physical properties Spectra Protein target Pathways Concentrations Links References Show 2 proteins XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Created at

2020-04-17 19:07:07 UTC

Updated at

2022-12-13 23:36:29 UTC

CannabisDB ID

CDB005078

Secondary Accession Numbers

Not Available

Cannabis Compound Identification

Common Name

D-Glucose

Description

Glucose, also known as D-glucose or dextrose, is a member of the class of compounds known as hexoses. Hexoses are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moiety. Glucose contains an aldehyde group and is therefore referred to as an aldohexose. The glucose molecule can exist in an open-chain (acyclic) and ring (cyclic) form, the latter being the result of an intramolecular reaction between the aldehyde C atom and the C-5 hydroxyl group to form an intramolecular hemiacetal. In aqueous solution, both forms are in equilibrium and at pH 7 the cyclic one is predominant. Glucose is a neutral, hydrophilic molecule that readily dissolves in water. It exists as a white crystalline powder. Glucose is the primary source of energy for almost all living organisms. As such, it is the most abundant monosaccharide and the most widely used aldohexose in living organisms. When not circulating freely in blood (in animals) or resin (in plants), glucose is stored as a polymer. In plants it is mainly stored as starch and amylopectin and in animals as glycogen. Glucose is produced by plants through the photosynthesis using sunlight, water and carbon dioxide where it is used as an energy and a carbon source Glucose is particularly abundant in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. Foods that are particularly rich in glucose are honey, agave, molasses, apples (2g/100g), grapes (8g/100g), oranges (8.5g/100g), jackfruit, dried apricots, dates (32 g/100g), bananas (5.8 g/100g), grape juice, sweet corn, Glucose is about 75% as sweet as sucrose and about 50% as sweet as fructose. Sweetness is detected through the binding of sugars to the T1R3 and T1R2 proteins, to form a G-protein coupled receptor that is the sweetness receptor in mammals. Glucose was first isolated from raisins in 1747 by the German chemist Andreas Marggraf. It was discovered in grapes by Johann Tobias Lowitz in 1792 and recognized as different from cane sugar (sucrose). Industrially, glucose is mainly used for the production of fructose and in the production of glucose-containing foods. In foods, it is used as a sweetener, humectant, to increase the volume and to create a softer mouthfeel. Various sources of glucose, such as grape juice (for wine) or malt (for beer), are used for fermentation to ethanol during the production of alcoholic beverages. Glucose is found in many plants as glucosides. A glucoside is a glycoside that is derived from glucose. Glucosides are common in plants, but rare in animals. Glucose is produced when a glucoside is hydrolyzed by purely chemical means or decomposed by fermentation or enzymes. Glucose can be obtained by the hydrolysis of carbohydrates such as milk sugar (lactose), cane sugar (sucrose), maltose, cellulose, and glycogen. Glucose is a building block of the disaccharides lactose and sucrose (cane or beet sugar), of oligosaccharides such as raffinose and of polysaccharides such as starch and amylopectin, glycogen or cellulose. For most animals, while glucose is normally obtained from the diet, it can also be generated via gluconeogenesis. Gluconeogenesis is a metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from certain non-carbohydrate carbon substrates. Gluconeogenesis is a ubiquitous process, present in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms. In vertebrates, gluconeogenesis takes place mainly in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the cortex of the kidneys. In humans the main gluconeogenic precursors are lactate, glycerol (which is a part of the triacylglycerol molecule), alanine and glutamine. Glucose is one of many sugars that are known to exist in cannabis plants. It was first isolated and identified as a Cannabis constituent in 1932 (PMID:6991645 ). D-Glucose is expected to be in Cannabis as all living plants are known to produce and metabolize it.

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
D-GLC	ChEBI
D-GLCP	ChEBI
Dextrose	ChEBI
GLC-OH	ChEBI
Glucose	ChEBI
Grape sugar	ChEBI
WURCS=2.0/1,1,0/[a2122h-1x_1-5]/1/	ChEBI
Purified glucose	Kegg
D-Glucopyranose	Kegg
Roferose ST	HMDB
(+)-Glucose	HMDB
Anhydrous dextrose	HMDB, MeSH
Cerelose	HMDB
Cerelose 2001	HMDB
Clearsweet 95	HMDB
Clintose L	HMDB
Corn sugar	HMDB
CPC Hydrate	HMDB
D(+)-Glucose	HMDB
Dextropur	HMDB
Dextrosol	HMDB
Glucodin	HMDB
Glucolin	HMDB
Goldsugar	HMDB
Meritose	HMDB
Staleydex 111	HMDB
Staleydex 95m	HMDB
Tabfine 097(HS)	HMDB
Vadex	HMDB
D Glucose	MeSH, HMDB
Glucose, (DL)-isomer	MeSH, HMDB
Glucose, (L)-isomer	MeSH, HMDB
Glucose, (beta-D)-isomer	MeSH, HMDB
Glucose monohydrate	MeSH, HMDB
Glucose, (alpha-D)-isomer	MeSH, HMDB
L Glucose	MeSH, HMDB
L-Glucose	MeSH, HMDB
Dextrose, anhydrous	MeSH, HMDB
Monohydrate, glucose	MeSH, HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₆H₁₂O₆

Average Molecular Weight

180.16

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

180.0634

IUPAC Name

(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol

Traditional Name

glucose

CAS Registry Number

162222-91-5

SMILES

[H]C1(O)O[C@]([H])(CO)[C@@]([H])(O)[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]1([H])O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2-,3-,4+,5-,6?/m1/s1

InChI Key

WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexoses. These are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moeity.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic oxygen compounds

Class

Organooxygen compounds

Sub Class

Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates

Direct Parent

Hexoses

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Hexose monosaccharide
Oxane
Secondary alcohol
Hemiacetal
Oxacycle
Organoheterocyclic compound
Polyol
Hydrocarbon derivative
Primary alcohol
Alcohol
Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

glucopyranose (CHEBI:4167 )
D-glucose (CHEBI:4167 )
Aldoses (C00031 )

Ontology

Not Available

Physical Properties

State

Not Available

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Melting Point	Not Available	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available	Not Available
Water Solubility	Not Available	Not Available
logP	Not Available	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-2.6	ALOGPS
logP	-2.9	ChemAxon
logS	0.64	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	11.3	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	6	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	5	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	110.38 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	35.92 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	16.37 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	1	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

EI-MS/GC-MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
GC-MS	D-Glucose, 5 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00kb-1931000000-ec21c3af97621f7bf95a	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, 5 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0fr2-1920000000-f53c5f0d5ad84d32679f	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, 5 TMS; 1 MEOX, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-9821000000-dbc697213e3b7cc9d4fe	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, 5 TMS; 1 MEOX, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-9621000000-9d1d8057758d3da8caca	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, 4 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-2490000000-3ed4c4fd34c05bad95f7	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, 1 MEOX; 5 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-066r-1952000000-3378cb724e551e8b0267	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, 5 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0udl-0690000000-c8fda4276ff69235f30d	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, 1 MEOX; 5 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0ldi-1942000000-5d531ed23a4e82023d1c	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, 5 TMS, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0udi-0790000000-7ebe75cd633c58d761fa	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00kb-1931000000-ec21c3af97621f7bf95a	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0fr2-1920000000-f53c5f0d5ad84d32679f	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-9821000000-dbc697213e3b7cc9d4fe	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-00di-9621000000-9d1d8057758d3da8caca	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-014i-2490000000-3ed4c4fd34c05bad95f7	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-066r-1952000000-3378cb724e551e8b0267	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0udl-0690000000-c8fda4276ff69235f30d	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0ldi-1942000000-5d531ed23a4e82023d1c	Spectrum
GC-MS	D-Glucose, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum	splash10-0udi-0790000000-7ebe75cd633c58d761fa	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	D-Glucose, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0np0-9700000000-e8d638dc817e46b97d7b	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	D-Glucose, 5 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-004i-6122690000-eaf6f7adf34ccd0c667b	Spectrum

MS/MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, N/A (Annotated)	splash10-0002-9300000000-839f41cf94a071fcdb37	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, N/A (Annotated)	splash10-0002-9000000000-807f75d14f3d0b66f5bd	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, N/A (Annotated)	splash10-000t-9000000000-b89668f86992a8363664	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-7900000000-9a673c2e4b82ca397421	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative	splash10-0a4r-9100000000-b70415588e768ddce5ef	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative	splash10-0a4i-9000000000-73dc84dd88d8ae69fe02	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negative	splash10-0a4i-9000000000-ba39d4ed9431a1d01eab	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negative	splash10-0a4i-9000000000-a61efd1469735758b317	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-000i-7900000000-9a673c2e4b82ca397421	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-0a4r-9100000000-9c25b149885d8a48aab5	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-0a4i-9000000000-76d92ea96364c24ecfb0	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-0a4i-9000000000-ba39d4ed9431a1d01eab	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-0a4i-9000000000-a61efd1469735758b317	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-01q9-0900000000-b0bc47623e7b2ca31c02	2016-09-12	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-03ea-3900000000-648e1637af29cf2a3518	2016-09-12	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0007-9200000000-9e6f46a1cbf52d6e347a	2016-09-12	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-004i-2900000000-a4ec4f0b1e29e360a952	2016-09-12	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-01t9-6900000000-7b3ea9c64ecc8d4ac867	2016-09-12	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-052f-9100000000-ec2bf4918640a0a36398	2016-09-12	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-03di-1900000000-6e953691e4c61d5123d9	2021-10-21	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-000j-9200000000-42768e14d42bd5ebe785	2021-10-21	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-08ov-9000000000-ee9eba654c17ccffa05f	2021-10-21	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-0a6r-9700000000-b92609de9f7db41f6d8f	2021-10-22	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-0a4l-9100000000-31314220c313e7443171	2021-10-22	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0a4l-9000000000-2a9c77b5036ec23fe0d4	2021-10-22	View Spectrum

NMR

Type	Description	View
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 125 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹³C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Spectrum

Pathways

Not Available

Protein Targets

Enzymes

Not Available

Transporters

Not Available

Metal Bindings

Not Available

Receptors

Protein Name	Gene Name	Locus	Uniprot ID	Details
Taste receptor type 1 member 3	TAS1R3	1p36.33	Q7RTX0	details
Taste receptor type 1 member 2	TAS1R2	1p36.13	Q8TE23	details

Transcriptional Factors

Not Available

Concentrations Data

Cannabis Cultivar	Status	Value	Reference	Details
Alien Dawg	Detected and Quantified	0.973 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details
Gabriola	Detected and Quantified	4.394 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details
Island Honey	Detected and Quantified	15.099 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details
Quadra	Detected and Quantified	2.565 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details
Sensi Star	Detected and Quantified	4.026 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details
Tangerine Dream	Detected and Quantified	22.580 mg/g dry wt	David S. Wishart,...	details

External Links

HMDB ID

HMDB0304632

DrugBank ID

Not Available

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FoodDB ID

KNApSAcK ID

Chemspider ID

KEGG Compound ID

BioCyc ID

BiGG ID

Not Available

Wikipedia Link

Glucose

METLIN ID

Not Available

PubChem Compound

5793

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

4167

References

General References

Turner CE, Elsohly MA, Boeren EG: Constituents of Cannabis sativa L. XVII. A review of the natural constituents. J Nat Prod. 1980 Mar-Apr;43(2):169-234. doi: 10.1021/np50008a001. [PubMed:6991645 ]

Showing Compound Card for D-Glucose (CDB005078)

Structure for CDB005078 (D-Glucose)